Poland’s VAT Act requires businesses to record invoices individually with the contractor’s NIP in VAT registers, while fiscal receipts can serve as simplified invoices only if they include the buyer’s VAT number. Under transitional rules, such receipts are allowed outside the National e-Invoicing System (KSeF) until the end of 2026, after which all simplified invoices must be issued through KSeF from 1 January 2027.
VAT Register Rules and E-invoicing (KseF) Transition
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Poland
Author: Nikolina Basić
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General information
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Content accuracy validation date:
17.04.2026
Content accuracy validation time:
08:17h
The VAT Act of March 11, 2004 continues to shape how businesses in Poland must record invoices and receipts. Under Article 109, Section 3, VAT payers are required to include the contractor’s Tax Identification Number (NIP or NIP-EU) in VAT registers. This means every invoice issued to another VAT payer must be recorded individually, with collective entries such as monthly cash register reports not permitted. The only exception applies to sales made to individuals.
For sales to private persons and flat-rate farmers, Article 111 requires the use of cash registers. A fiscal receipt can also serve as proof of sale for entrepreneurs, but Article 106b, Section 5 specifies that an invoice may only be issued if the receipt contains the buyer’s VAT identification number.
With the introduction of the National e-Invoicing System (KSeF), transitional rules apply. Between February 1, 2026 and December 31, 2026, taxpayers may issue invoices electronically, on paper, or through cash registers. During this period, fiscal receipts with a buyer’s NIP will be treated as simplified invoices and exempt from mandatory KSeF reporting.
From January 1, 2027, however, the rules change. Article 106ga of the VAT Act will require all simplified invoices, including receipts with NIP numbers, to be issued through the KSeF system. This marks a full transition to structured e-invoicing for VAT taxpayers in Poland.
In summary:
- Contractors’ NIP numbers must be recorded in VAT registers.
- Fiscal receipts with NIP can serve as simplified invoices until December 31, 2026.
- From January 1, 2027, all such invoices must be issued via KSeF.
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