General information
The UAE Ministry of Finance has released a new e-invoicing guidance package under the ‘We the UAE 2031’ vision to improve transparency, efficiency, and competitiveness.
The package consists of three documents that provide businesses with clear guidance on the e-invoicing mandate. They explain the phased implementation, new requirements for Accredited Service Providers (ASPs), XML formats, and Tax Identification Numbers (TINs). The documents cover who is in scope, what is excluded, compliance timelines, onboarding procedures, and required invoice data.
Decentralised & Peppol-based model
The UAE is adopting a decentralised 5-corner model using Accredited Service Providers (ASPs) and Peppol interoperability:
- Corner 1: Supplier
- Corner 2: Supplier’s ASP
- Corner 3: Recipient’s (buyer’s) ASP
- Corner 4: Recipient (buyer)
- Corner 5: Federal Tax Authority
Responsibility
Legal compliance responsibility remains with the in-scope person (supplier or buyer). ASPs handle operational tasks (including transmission), but do not shift legal responsibility away from the taxable person.
Scope
All persons carrying out business transactions in the UAE are in scope, not limited to VAT-registered businesses (unless a specific exclusion applies).
Main points:
- Investment holding companies are generally out of scope if they only have passive income and no business transactions. However, recharges may bring them into scope.
- VAT groups: Intra-group transactions remain in scope.
- VAT group grace period: A 24-month grace period for intra-group transactions applies from 1 January 2027.
- Non-UAE established persons must issue e-invoices for any tax invoices they are required to issue under VAT law.
Phased Implementation
|
Category |
Deadline to Appoint ASP |
Go-Live Date |
|
Pilot (voluntary) |
1 July 2026 |
From 1 July 2026 |
|
Large businesses (≥ AED 50M revenue) |
31 July 2026 |
1 January 2027 |
|
Smaller businesses (< AED 50M revenue) |
31 March 2027 |
1 July 2027 |
|
In-scope government entities |
31 March 2027 |
1 October 2027
|
All persons, regardless of revenue, may voluntarily implement e-invoicing from 1 July 2026.
Getting Ready
- Understand legal and technical requirements, develop an implementation plan, and assess ERP/invoicing systems.
- Select an ASP, onboard via EmaraTax, and obtain a Peppol participant identifier.
- Test end-to-end exchange and reporting.
- Go live with e-invoicing and resolve any issues.
- Manage ongoing changes and perform reverification/offboarding via EmaraTax.
Penalties
Penalties apply for failure to issue or process e-invoices as required.
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