General information
- Launch of the Optional 4-Corner Peppol Model
The United Arab Emirates launched an optional B2B 4-corner Peppol e-invoicing framework, the first operational step in its e-invoicing reform. Suppliers and buyers can exchange structured electronic invoices via their respective Accredited Service Providers (ASPs) using the Peppol network.
The 4-corner model consists of:
- Corner 1: Supplier
- Corner 2: Supplier’s ASP
- Corner 3: Buyer’s ASP
- Corner 4: Buyer
At this stage, invoices are exchanged directly between trading partners through ASPs, with no data sent to the Federal Tax Authority (FTA). This allows the UAE to build technical foundations while giving businesses time to adapt.
- Transition to the Mandatory 5-Corner Model
The optional 4-corner model serves as a precursor to the mandatory 5-corner Peppol e-invoicing and e-reporting system, to be rolled out in phases during 2027. In the 5-corner model, the FTA will act as Corner 5, receiving tax-relevant data from ASPs in near real time.
Compliance timeline:
- Large businesses (annual revenue ≥ AED 50 million): 1 January 2027
- Other businesses: 1 July 2027
- Government entities: 1 October 2027
The current optional phase provides a testing and readiness window for businesses to stabilise systems, integrate ERP solutions, and validate Peppol-compliant flows.
- Technical Standards and Onboarding via EmaraTax
E-invoices must follow the Peppol PINT-AE specification, including mandatory fields, data validations, and UAE-specific VAT requirements. Only structured XML invoices exchanged through ASPs qualify as valid e-invoices; PDFs and paper invoices are not accepted.
To participate in the optional 4-corner phase, businesses should:
- Access the EmaraTax platform
- Select an Accredited Service Provider
- Complete onboarding and start exchanging e-invoices
Early onboarding is strongly recommended to avoid bottlenecks in provider selection and testing.
- Strategic Importance for Businesses
The optional 4-corner Peppol model aligns the UAE with leading jurisdictions using decentralised, interoperable e-invoicing systems. Early adoption offers multinational and regional businesses:
- Reduced implementation risk before the 2027 mandate
- Alignment with Peppol systems used in Europe and elsewhere
- Early identification of ERP, master data, and process gaps
The initiative supports the UAE’s strategy to improve VAT compliance, transparency, and digital tax administration while providing a business-friendly voluntary transition.
Other news from Other countries
Saudi Arabia: Wave 24 E‑Invoicing Criteria Announced for Taxpayers
Other countries
Author: Ema Stamenković
ZATCA's Twenty-Fourth Wave of E-invoicing Integration Phase targets taxpayers with VAT revenues over SAR 375,000, requiring integration by 30 June 2026 for compliance and digital transformation. The Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority (ZATCA) announced that the Twenty-Fourth Wave of the E-invoicing Integration Phase targets all taxpayers whose VAT-subject revenues exceeded SAR 375,000 during 2022, 20... Read more
Saudi Arabia: VAT Refund Claims for Non-Resident Businesses Deadline
Other countries
Author: Ema Stamenković
Non-resident businesses in Saudi Arabia must submit VAT refund applications by June 30, 2026, meeting specific eligibility criteria and following ZATCA’s guidelines. Non-resident businesses that incurred VAT in Saudi Arabia (KSA) during 2025 must review their eligibility and submit refund applications to ZATCA by June 30, 2026. To qualify, the non-resident must: Have no local establishment in... Read more
South Africa Announces Shift to Mandatory E-Invoicing: How Businesses Can Prepare
Other countries
Author: Ljubica Blagojević
South Africa is moving toward mandatory e-invoicing and near-real-time VAT reporting, but the system is not mandatory yet. Current invoicing rules still follow the VAT Act 89 of 1991, while the planned reform will introduce structured XML invoices, likely Peppol-based, exchanged through accredited service providers and reported to the SARS Central Tax Hub. Large VAT-registered businesses and prior... Read more
Philippines Bureau of Internal Revenue Clarifies 12% VAT Rules for Resident and Nonresident Digital Services
Other countries
Author: Ljubica Blagojević
The BIR (Bureau of Internal Revenue) clarified that digital services consumed in the Philippines are generally subject to 12% VAT, including services supplied by nonresident providers. NRDSPs must register and file VAT returns, while Philippine business buyers must withhold and remit VAT under the reverse charge mechanism in B2B cases. The circular confirms that nonresident digital service provide... Read more
UAE Issues Updated E-Invoicing Rules (Version 1.1 – June 2026)
Other countries
Author: Ema Stamenković
On June 1, 2026, the UAE Ministry of Finance released Version 1.1 of its Electronic Invoicing Guidelines, detailing the upcoming mandatory e-invoicing regime affecting all businesses, with specific exclusions. The decentralized Peppol framework requires businesses to appoint an Accredited Service Provider (ASP) and obtain a Peppol Identifier, with operational features including XML formats for int... Read more
UAE Ministry of Finance Issues New Ministerial Resolutions on e-Invoicing
Other countries
Author: Ema Stamenković
UAE MoF releases two new resolutions on e-invoicing and service provider requirements. New Ministerial Resolutions on e-invoicing are released by the UAE Ministry of Finance (MoF). Regarding the implementation of the UAE's e-invoicing framework, the UAE MoF has released two new Ministerial Resolutions: Ministerial Resolution No. 66 of 2026, which introduces changes pertaining to the UAE's e-in... Read more
Saudi Arabia: Comprehensive Guide to ZATCA E-Invoicing
Other countries
Author: Ema Stamenković
The Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority (ZATCA) is implementing its E-Invoicing (Fatoora) system, impacting the retail sector significantly. Retailers issue Simplified Tax Invoices for B2C sales, which don’t require full buyer details. Phased implementation requires retailers to generate and electronically archive these invoices. Compliance benefits include reduced costs and improved consumer protect... Read more